UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K/A

(Amendment No. 1)

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____________ to _____________

Commission File No. 001-38392

BLINK CHARGING CO.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (305) 521-0200

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by the check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to § 240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates (59,850,526 shares) computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold ($5.99) as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter (June 30, 2023): $356,887,351.

As of April 26, 2024, there were 100,989,408 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

Documents Incorporated by Reference: None.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

Blink Charging Co. (the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) is filing this Amendment No. 1 to Annual Report on Form 10-K/A (this “Amendment”) to amend the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (Commission File No. 001-38392), as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 18, 2024 (the “Original 10-K”). This Amendment is being filed for the sole purpose of including the information required by Part III of Form 10-K. The information required by Part III was previously omitted from the Original 10-K in reliance on General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K, which permits the information in Part III to be incorporated in the Form 10-K by reference from our definitive proxy statement if such statement is filed no later than 120 days after our fiscal year end. We are filing this Amendment to include Part III information in our Form 10-K because we will not file a definitive proxy statement containing this information within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by the Original 10-K. This Amendment amends and restates in their entirety Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III and Item 15 of Part IV of the Original 10-K.

Pursuant to Rule 12b-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), this Amendment contains certifications pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which are attached hereto.

This Amendment does not reflect events occurring after the filing of the Original 10-K (i.e., those events occurring after March 18, 2024) or modify or update those disclosures that may be affected by subsequent events. Accordingly, this Amendment should be read in conjunction with the Original 10-K and our other filings with the SEC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Directors

The following information describes the biographical information, offices held, other business directorships, additional director experience, qualifications, attributes and skills and the class and term of each of our directors, as of April 26, 2024. There are no arrangements or understandings between a director and any other person pursuant to which such director was or is to be selected as a director or nominee.

Ritsaart J.M. van Montfrans

Ritsaart J.M. van Montfrans became a member of our Board in December 2019 and was named the Chairman of the Board in May 2023. He is an experienced entrepreneur in Europe. He is currently the Chief Executive Officer of Incision Group, a medtech scale-up in team performance and education, since January 2017, and co-founded and led ScaleUpNation, a growth accelerator for ventures with large scale-up potential, from February 2016 to January 2017, each in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

In February 2009, Mr. van Montfrans founded NewMotion, which grew to become the leading service provider for electric vehicles in Europe, with the largest network of charging stations. Mr. van Montfrans served as Chief Executive Officer and International Business Development Director of NewMotion until February 2016, shortly before the company was purchased by Royal Dutch Shell. Prior to NewMotion, Mr. van Montfrans was a partner of H2 Equity Partners, an investment firm in Amsterdam, from September 2002 to February 2009, an engagement manager at McKinsey & Co. in Amsterdam from May 1999 to September 2002, and an associate in the mergers and acquisitions group of J.P. Morgan in London. Mr. van Montfrans received a Master of Business Administration degree from the University of Groningen in the Netherlands.

Mr. van Montfrans brings extensive EV charging industry knowledge and a deep background in technology growth companies, mergers and acquisitions, and capital market activities. His leadership of NewMotion and in-depth knowledge of the EV charging market and broad range of companies in the industry (with a focus on Western Europe) make him well qualified to be a member of the Board.

Brendan S. Jones

Brendan S. Jones joined our company as Chief Operating Officer in April 2020 and became our President and was elected a member of our Board in February 2021. Effective May 1, 2023, Mr. Jones was appointed by our Board to be our Chief Executive Officer. Prior to joining our company, he served as the Chief Operating Officer of Electrify America, LLC, the United States-based EV subsidiary of Volkswagen Group AG, from September 2016 to March 2020. Mr. Jones was Electrify America’s first employee and is credited with building Electrify America from its original startup concept into one of the largest ultrafast EV charging companies in the world, establishing strategy, design implementation and management teams at Electrify America, negotiating numerous contracts for charging services with leading carmakers, retail property owners and EV infrastructure companies, and managing the installation and servicing of thousands of charging stations.

Mr. Jones previously served as Vice President - OEM Strategy and Business Development of EVgo, a subsidiary of NRG Energy which operates EV fast charging stations, from March 2014 to September 2016. Prior to these positions, Mr. Jones served in various leadership positions with Nissan North America, Inc., from April 1994 to March 2015. At Nissan, he assumed increasingly senior positions including Director - Electric Vehicle Sales Operations and Infrastructure Development from 2013 to 2015, Director - Chief Marketing Manager EV Model Line from 2011 to 2013, and Senior Manager of the Nissan LEAF Launch Team from 2009 to 2011. Mr. Jones has been a board member of several EV industry groups including the Electric Drive Transportation Association, a trade association that promotes electric drive technologies and infrastructure (2015 and 2016), and the ROEV Association, a collaboration between EV charging network operators and electric vehicle manufacturers to allow drivers to charge at multiple stations using one card (from 2015 to 2017). Mr. Jones received B.A. and M.A. degrees from George Mason University and a professional certificate from Vanderbilt University for completing the accelerated executive leadership development program.

Mr. Jones’ more than 30 years of day-to-day operational experience in the electric vehicle (“EV”) charging, automotive and alternative energy industries and in-depth knowledge in the areas of EV charging sales, technology and infrastructure development make him well qualified as a member of the Board.

Aviv Hillo

Aviv Hillo has served as our General Counsel since June 2018 and Executive Vice President of Mergers & Acquisitions since May 2022. He became a member of our Board in July 2023. Prior to joining our company, Mr. Hillo practiced law in New York and Israel as a partner in the law firm Schechter Hillo, which he founded in October 2004. Mr. Hillo has also been involved in starting and operating new businesses. He served as Chief Executive Officer of K-Lawyers.com, an internet legal platform, from February 2016 to June 2018, co-founder and general counsel of Ariel Photonics Assembly Ltd., a developer of lasers for defense applications, from September 2007 to September 2015, and in-house counsel at LSL Biotechnologies, Inc., a developer of seeds with long shelf-life qualities, from March 1998 to April 2006. Mr. Hillo received his law degree from Tel Aviv University in Israel and a Master of Laws degree (cum laude) from Fordham University in New York, where he specialized in banking, corporate and finance law. Mr. Hillo is a member of the New York State Bar Association, the Israeli Bar Association and is certified to practice as in-house counsel in Florida. Mr. Hillo is a veteran of the Israeli Defense Forces where he retired as a ranked Major.

Mr. Hillo is well qualified to serve as a member of our Board due to his substantial knowledge and more than 30 years of working experience in corporate controls and governance, corporate litigation and mergers and acquisitions.

Jack Levine

Jack Levine became a member of our Board in December 2019 where he serves as the Chair of the Audit Committee. He has been the President of Jack Levine, PA, a certified public accounting firm, since 1984. For more than 35 years, he has been advising corporations on financial and accounting matters and serving as an independent director on numerous boards, frequently as head of their audit committees. Since June 2021, Mr. Levine has served as a director, chairman of the audit committee and as a qualified SEC financial expert of Strawberry Fields REIT, Inc. (NYSE: STRW), a public company specializing in the acquisition, ownership and triple net leasing of skilled nursing facilities and other post-acute healthcare properties. In addition, Mr. Levine is currently a director and chairman of the audit committee of SignPath Pharma, Inc., a development-stage biotechnology company, since 2010.

Mr. Levine’s previous board memberships included Provista Diagnostics, Inc., a cancer detection and diagnostics company focused on women’s cancer, from 2011 to 2018 (also serving as chairman of its audit committee); Biscayne Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company discovering and developing novel therapies based on growth hormone-releasing hormone analogs; Grant Life Sciences, a research and development company focused on early detection of cervical cancer, from 2004 to 2008 (also serving as chairman of its audit committee); and Pharmanet, Inc., a global drug development services company providing a comprehensive range of services to pharmaceutical, biotechnology, generic drug and medical device companies, from 1999 to 2007 (also serving as chairman of its audit and other committees). Mr. Levine also served as a director and audit committee chair of Beach Bank, a community bank, from 2000 to 2006, Prairie Fund, a mutual fund, from 2000 to 2006, and Bankers Savings Bank, a community bank, from 1996 to 1998, and was a member of the audit committee of Miami Dade County School Board, the nation’s third largest school system, from 2004 to 2006. Mr. Levine is a certified public accountant licensed by the States of Florida and New York. He also is a member of the National Association of Corporate Directors, Association of Audit Committee Members and American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Levine received a B.A. degree from Hunter College of the City University of New York and an M.A. from New York University.

Mr. Levine demonstrates extensive knowledge of complex financial, accounting, tax and operational issues highly relevant to our growing business. Through his decades of service as a board member, he also brings significant working experience with public company best practices.

Kristina A. Peterson

Kristina A. Peterson became a member of our Board in May 2023. She has been the Chief Executive Officer of Mayflower Partners, a cleantech financial advisory firm, since 2000. Ms. Peterson has led various solar energy investment companies, serving in senior investment, development, operations and asset management roles at Brookfield Renewable Partners (NYSE: BEP) and Terraform Power (Nasdaq: TERP) from 2015 to 2018, and serving in CEO, CFO and other senior management positions at EDF Renewable Energy, Suntech and Greenwood Energy from 2007 to 2015. Prior to that, she was a project and structured finance investment banker for ABN AMRO Bank and Citibank for ten years in the energy, infrastructure and telecom industries. Ms. Peterson has served as a Non-Executive Director, Chair of the Remuneration Committee and a member of the Audit Committee of Invinity Energy Systems PLC (LSE: IES), a utility-scale battery energy storage company, since November 2021. She has been the Co-Chair of Women Corporate Directors Foundation, San Diego Chapter, a global group of women corporate board directors since 2016 and has served on the board of Coalition for Green Capital, a non-profit with a mission to halt climate change by accelerating investment in clean energy technologies through creation of a national green bank since 2019. Ms. Peterson has served as a director of Electriq Power Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: ELIQ), a renewable energy storage system design company, since November 2023. She was a director of Iteros, Inc., an energy management software firm, from 2015 to 2020, Greenwood Energy in 2014, Solar Electric Industry Association from 2011 to 2012, and Gemini Solar Development Company from 2007 to 2010.

Ms. Peterson earned her MBA in Finance and Marketing from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and received her B.S. Business Administration from Boston University. She completed additional graduate coursework at MIT Sloan School of Management. Ms. Peterson’s executive leadership experience in energy, technology, investment finance and banking organizations, and board governance experience makes her well qualified to be a member of the Board.

Mahidhar (Mahi) Reddy

Mahidhar (Mahi) Reddy became a member of our Board in July 2022. He has served as a senior executive officer of SemaConnect, LLC, a Blink subsidiary, since July 2022. Mr. Reddy founded SemaConnect, Inc. in October 2007 and served as a director and its Chief Executive Officer until the closing of our acquisition of SemaConnect, Inc. in June 2022. Mr. Reddy co-founded CBay Systems Ltd., a healthcare business process outsourcing company, and served as its Chief Operating Officer and President from August 1998 to September 2008. Mr. Reddy received a B.A. degree from St. Joseph’s College in Bangalore, India.

Mr. Reddy’s expertise in information technology gained through his long tenure as a founder and senior executive in the EV industry and his extensive experience with embedded systems and server side IT make him well qualified to be a member of our Board.

Cedric L. Richmond

Cedric L. Richmond became a member of our Board in August 2022. He is currently the President of Richmond & Company, LLC, a governmental affairs consulting firm founded in May 2022. Prior to founding Richmond & Company, Mr. Richmond served as a Senior Advisor to the Executive Office of the President of the United States and Director of the White House Office of Public Engagement in the Biden Administration, serving in such positions from January 2021 to May 2022.

Prior to joining the Biden Administration in January 2021, Mr. Richmond served as a Member of the United States House of Representatives, representing Louisiana’s Second District, from January 2011 to January 2021. While serving in the United States House of Representatives, Mr. Richmond served on the Committee on Small Business, the Committee on the Judiciary, the Committee on Homeland Security and the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. Richmond was also elected as the youngest person to ever serve as the Chair of the Congressional Black Caucus, serving in such position from January 2017 to January 2019. From 2000 to 2010, Mr. Richmond served as a Member of the Louisiana House of Representatives where he represented the 101st District.

Mr. Richmond received a B.A. degree in Business Administration with a concentration in accounting from Morehouse College, a J.D. degree from Tulane University School of Law and is a graduate of Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government Executive Program for Senior Executives in Government. Mr. Richmond has also received honorary doctorate degrees from Southern University and A&M College in Baton Rouge, Louisiana and Xavier University in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Mr. Richmond’s extensive experience in government service, insight into regulatory affairs, and his expertise in governance, oversight and ethics gained through service in the public sector, bring unique and valuable perspective to our Board and make him well qualified to be a member of our Board.

There are no family relationships among any of our directors and executive officers.

Executive Officers

The following information sets forth certain information regarding our executive officers as of April 26, 2024:

Biographical information for Messrs. Jones and Hillo is set forth under the heading “Directors” above.

Michael P. Rama

Mr. Rama has served as our Chief Financial Officer since February 2020. Prior to joining us, Mr. Rama was an independent financial consultant (not associated with Blink) from July 2019 until he joined us on February 10, 2020. Mr. Rama served as the Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of NV5 Global, Inc., a Nasdaq Capital Markets-traded company that provides professional and technical engineering and consulting solutions for public and private sector clients in the infrastructure, energy, construction, real estate and environmental markets, from September 2011 to June 2019. At NV5 Global, Mr. Rama was responsible for all accounting, finance and treasury functions and the company’s SEC reporting. From October 1997 until August 2011, Mr. Rama held various accounting and finance roles with AV Homes, Inc. (formerly known as Avatar Holdings, Inc.), including as principal financial officer, chief accounting officer and controller. Mr. Rama has more than 20 years of experience with SEC compliance, establishment and maintenance of internal controls, and capital markets and acquisition transactions. Mr. Rama earned a Bachelor of Science degree in accounting from the University of Florida and is a Certified Public Accountant.

Michael C. Battaglia

Mr. Battaglia joined our company in July 2020 as the Vice President of Sales. In January 2021, Mr. Battaglia was promoted to Senior Vice President of Sales and Business Development and, in December 2022, he was promoted to Chief Revenue Officer of our company. In September 2023, Mr. Battaglia was appointed to serve as our Chief Operating Officer. Prior to joining our company, Mr. Battaglia served in various management positions for J.D. Power & Associates from March 2006 to July 2020, assisting dealerships and automotive OEMs improve operations by utilizing data-driven insights and conducting comprehensive analyses. Mr. Battaglia is an automotive and EV charging veteran with more than 25 years of experience in the industry and has expertise in building high performing sales and operations teams. Throughout his time with our company, Mr. Battaglia has worked closely with the operations teams to streamline systems and processes related to order processing and fulfillment, customer support structures, and new product procurement, which has led to increases in our operational efficiency. Mr. Battaglia led the effort to implement Salesforce CRM, tying together field service and accounting functions globally for our company. Additionally, Mr. Battaglia has led our sales and business development efforts for over three years, resulting in record-high sales and revenue each of the last three years. Mr. Battaglia received a B.S. degree in finance from the Carroll School of Management at Boston College.

Harjinder Bhade

Mr. Bhade has served as our Chief Technology Officer since May 2021, where he is responsible for the maintenance of the Blink network and the development of our EV products. He was previously the Chief Technology Officer and Senior Vice President of Engineering at ENGIE North America Inc. (which acquired Green Charge Networks), a sustainable energy storage as a service company, from October 2014 to May 2021. Prior to that, Mr. Bhade was a founder and served as Vice President of Software Engineering at ChargePoint, a global EV charging infrastructure company, from November 2007 to September 2014, where he played a key role in that company’s product development. Mr. Bhade served on ChargePoint’s Advisory Board from September 2014 to May 2021. Mr. Bhade served as the Senior Director of Software Engineering of Carrier Ethernet Solutions at Lucent Technologies from May 2006 to April 2007, the Director of Software Engineering at Riverstone Networks (which was acquired by Lucent Technologies) from January 2003 to May 2006, and the Founder and Director of Software Engineering at Pipal Systems from November 2001 to January 2003. Mr. Bhade received a B.S. degree in computer science from California State University, Chico and an M.B.A. degree from the University of Phoenix.

Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our executive officers, directors and holders of more than 10% of our common stock to file with the SEC initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership of our common stock. Such persons are required by SEC regulations to furnish us with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file.

Based solely upon our review of the copies of such forms received by us, or representations from certain reporting persons that no year-end Forms 5 were required for those persons, we believe that, during the year ended December 31, 2023, all filing requirements applicable to our executive officers, directors and greater than 10% beneficial owners were complied with, except for one late Form 4 filing by Mr. Bhade which included two transactions.

Corporate Governance

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

We adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics in December 2013. Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applies to all our employees, officers and directors, including our principal executive and senior financial officers. A copy of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (2023 version) is posted on our website at www.blinkcharging.com. We intend to disclose future amendments to certain provisions of our Code of Conduct and Business Ethics, or waivers of these provisions with respect to executive officers on our website or in our public filings with the SEC. There were no waivers of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics in 2023. A copy of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics will be provided without charge to any person submitting a written request to the attention of the Chief Executive Officer at our principal executive office.

Board Committees and Charters

The Board has had four standing committees - Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, Nominating and ESG Committee and Government Affairs Committee. The Board maintains charters for each of these standing committees, which may be viewed on our website at https://ir.blinkcharging.com/governance-docs.

Audit Committee

Our Audit Committee is currently comprised of Jack Levine (chair), Ritsaart J.M. van Montfrans and Kristina A. Peterson. Our Board has determined that each of the directors serving on the Audit Committee meets the requirements for financial literacy under applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and Nasdaq. In addition, our Board has determined that Mr. Levine meets the requirements of a financial expert as defined under the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and has the requisite financial sophistication as defined under the applicable rules and regulations of Nasdaq. Our Board has considered the independence and other characteristics of each existing member and each proposed member of our Audit Committee, and our Board believes that each member meets the independence and other requirements of Nasdaq and the SEC. Our Audit Committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the applicable standards of the SEC and Nasdaq.

Our Audit Committee, among other things, is responsible for:

During 2023, the Audit Committee met five times.

Compensation Committee

Our Compensation Committee is, among other things, responsible for:

Our Compensation Committee is currently comprised of Ritsaart J.M. van Montfrans (chair), Jack Levine and Cedric L. Richmond. Our Board has considered the independence and other characteristics of each current and anticipated member of our Compensation Committee. Our Board believes that each member of our Compensation Committee meets the requirements for independence under the current requirements of Nasdaq, is a nonemployee director as defined by Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act, and is an outside director as defined pursuant to Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

Our Compensation Committee operates under a written charter that satisfies the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the listing standards of Nasdaq.

During 2023, the Compensation Committee met 30 times.

Nominating and ESG Committee

In July 2023, we combined our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and our Environmental, Social and Governance Committee into the Nominating and ESG Committee. Our Nominating and ESG Committee is currently comprised of Kristina A. Peterson (chair), Jack Levine and Cedric L. Richmond. Our Nominating and ESG Committee operates under a written charter. Under our policy, the independent directors of our Board nominate our directors. We also consider any nominations of director candidates validly made by our stockholders. When evaluating director nominees, our directors consider the following factors:

Our goal is to assemble a Board that brings together a variety of skills derived from high quality business and professional experience.

While we do not have a formal diversity policy for Board membership, the Board does seek to ensure that its membership consists of sufficiently diverse backgrounds, meaning a mix of backgrounds and experiences that will enhance the quality of the Board’s deliberations and decisions. In considering candidates for the Board, the independent directors consider, among other factors, diversity with respect to viewpoints, skills, experience and other demographics.

Each of our directors is a member of the National Association of Corporate Directors, an independent non-profit membership organization of corporate board members that provides governance guidelines to assist directors in discharging their responsibilities and ensuring their commitment to the highest standards of corporate conduct, and the Association of Audit Committee Members Inc., a non-profit association of audit committee members dedicated to strengthening the audit committee by developing national best practices for corporate governance, corporate compliance and internal whistleblower policies.

The principle ESG responsibilities and duties of the Nominating and ESG Committee are to:

During 2023, the Nominating and ESG Committee met one time formally and, on an ad hoc basis, at least monthly with ESG focused management teams.

Government Affairs Committee

In January 2023, our Board established a Government Affairs Committee, which began as a separate standing committee of the Board on January 31, 2023. The principal responsibilities and duties of this committee are to (i) to provide oversight and guidance to management with respect to the company’s government affairs strategy and initiatives, (ii) to ensure that the company’s government affairs activity reflects an honest and open communication with government and community decision-makers, (iii) to inform the Board in a timely manner of significant government affairs issues and proceedings that could have an effect on the company and (iv) to brief the Board at least quarterly regarding the company’s performance of its government affairs activity. Additional information regarding the functions to be performed by the Government Affairs Committee is set forth in the Government Affairs Committee Charter.

The Government Affairs Committee is currently comprised of Cedric L. Richmond (chair), Brendan S. Jones, Ritsaart J.M. van Montfrans and Mahidhar (Mahi) Reddy. The committee includes one management director.

During 2023, the Government Affairs Committee met one time.

Board Leadership Structure

Brendan S. Jones has been our President and a director since February 2021 and our Chief Executive Officer since May 2023. Ritsaart J.M. van Montfrans has been a director since December 2019 and our Chairman of the Board since May 2023. We believe that having a Chief Executive Officer and an independent Chairman, each with distinct responsibilities, works well for us because all but three of our directors are independent, and our Chairman can cause the independent directors to meet in executive sessions at any time. Therefore, the Chairman can at any time bring to the attention of a majority of the directors any matters he thinks should be addressed by our Board. Other advantages to having an independent director serve as Chairman include facilitating relations among our Board, our Chief Executive Officer and other senior management, assisting our Board in reaching consensus on particular strategies and policies, fostering robust evaluation processes and supporting the efficient allocation of oversight responsibilities between the independent directors and management.

The Chairman presides over Board meetings and presides at all meetings of our independent directors. The Chairman’s additional duties include:

As described above, four of our Board members are independent. In addition, all of the directors on each of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, Nominating and ESG Committee and Government Affairs Committee are independent directors, with the exception of Mr. Jones on the Government Affairs Committee, and each of these committees is led by an independent committee chair. The committee chairs set the agendas for their committees and report to the full Board on their work. As required by Nasdaq, our independent directors meet in executive sessions without management present as frequently as they deem appropriate, typically at the time of each regular in-person Board meeting. All of our independent directors are highly accomplished and experienced business people in their respective fields, who have demonstrated leadership in significant enterprises and are familiar with Board processes. Our independent directors bring experience, oversight and expertise from outside our company and industry, while Messrs. Jones, Hillo and Reddy bring company-specific experience and expertise.

Clawback Policy

The Board has the discretion to clawback any annual incentive or other performance-based compensation awards from executive officers and employees. This clawback applies when certain specified events occur. If the Board determines that compensation related to our financial performance would have been lower if it had been based on the restated financial performance results, the Board will, to the extent permitted by applicable law, seek recoupment from that executive officer or employee of any portion of such compensation as it deems appropriate after a review of all relevant facts and circumstances.

Director and Officer Derivative Trading Policy

Under our insider trading policy, our executive officers, directors and employees may not engage in derivative trading involving the company’s securities.

Board Meetings

The Board has four fixed regular meetings per year scheduled in accordance with the filing of periodic reports with the SEC. The Board held 21 meetings in 2023 and all of the directors attended at least 75% of the total number of meetings of the Board and committees on which they served during the period for which such director was serving as a director. In addition, the Board of Directors took action 13 times during 2023 by unanimous written consent in lieu of a meeting, as permitted by applicable law. We, and the Board, expect all current directors to attend our annual meeting of stockholders barring unforeseen circumstances or irresolvable conflicts. All of the Board members attended last year’s annual meeting. We do not have a written policy on Board attendance at annual meetings of stockholders; however, we do schedule a Board meeting immediately after the annual meeting for which members attending receive compensation.

Board Role in Risk Oversight

Risk assessment and oversight are integral parts of our governance and management processes. Our Board does not have a standing risk management committee, but rather administers this oversight function directly through our Board as a whole, as well as through various standing committees of our Board that address risks inherent in their respective areas of oversight.

Our Board oversees an enterprise-wide approach to risk management, which is designed to support the achievement of the company’s objectives, including the strategic objective to improve long-term financial and operational performance and enhance stockholder value. Our Board believes that a fundamental part of risk management is understanding the risks that we face, monitoring these risks and adopting appropriate control and mitigation of these risks.

The Board discusses risks with our senior management on a regular basis, including as a part of its strategic planning process, annual budget review and approval, and thorough reviews of compliance issues in the appropriate committees of our Board. While the Board has the ultimate oversight responsibility for the risk management process, various committees of the Board are structured to oversee specific risks, as follows:

The Board also considers our internal control structure which, among other things, limits the number of persons authorized to execute material agreements, requires approval of our Board for matters outside of the ordinary course and includes our whistleblower policy. This policy establishes procedures for the submission by our employees and consultants, on a confidential and anonymous basis, of complaints and concerns regarding our financial statement disclosures, accounting practices, internal controls or auditing matters, or possible violations of the federal securities laws or the rules or regulations promulgated thereunder. Complaints submitted through this policy are promptly routed to the chair of our Audit Committee.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Compensation Committee Report

The following Report of the Compensation Committee entitled “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” (the “Report”) does not constitute soliciting material and the Report should not be deemed filed or incorporated by reference into any other previous or future filings by the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or the Exchange Act, except to the extent the Company specifically incorporates the Report by reference therein.

The Compensation Committee of the Board approves and oversees the administration of the Company’s executive compensation program and senior leadership development and continuity programs. The Compensation Committee’s primary objective is to establish a competitive executive compensation program that clearly links executive compensation to business performance and stockholder return. The Compensation Committee considers appropriate risk factors in structuring compensation to discourage unnecessary or excessive risk-taking behaviors and encourage long-term value creation.

Recommendation Regarding Compensation Discussion and Analysis

In performing its oversight function during 2023 with regard to the Compensation Discussion and Analysis prepared by management, the Compensation Committee relied on statements and information prepared by the Company’s management. The Compensation Committee reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis included in this Form 10-K/A with management. Based on this review and discussion, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Company’s Board that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 2023, as amended.

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

Compensation Philosophy

The primary goals of our Board with respect to executive compensation are to attract and retain talented and dedicated executives, to tie annual and long-term cash and stock incentives to the achievement of specified performance objectives, and to create incentives resulting in increased stockholder value. To achieve these goals, our Compensation Committee recommends to our Board executive compensation packages, generally comprising a mix of salary, discretionary bonus and equity awards. Although we have not adopted any formal guidelines for allocating total compensation between equity compensation and cash compensation, we have implemented and maintain compensation plans that tie a substantial portion of our executives’ overall compensation to the achievement of corporate goals.

Role of Compensation Consultant

The Compensation Committee has the power to engage independent advisors to assist it in carrying out its responsibilities.

The Compensation Committee continued to engage Korn Ferry, an internationally recognized compensation consulting firm, as its compensation consultant in 2023. Korn Ferry reviewed and advised the Compensation Committee on our compensation practices. The Compensation Committee assessed the independence of Korn Ferry pursuant to SEC rules and concluded that the work of Korn Ferry has not raised any conflict of interest.

The Compensation Committee reviewed widely used survey data to benchmark our compensation arrangements. The Compensation Committee used broad survey data, in part, because there was a lack of direct data on publicly traded electric vehicle charging station companies as a peer group. Additionally, the Compensation Committee chose this approach as the large size of the survey reduced the dependence of the results on any one industry that could otherwise skew the survey results in any particular year.

Using this approach, Korn Ferry compared positions of similar scope and complexity with the data contained in the surveys. Korn Ferry then provided a salary range for each executive level. The Compensation Committee typically sets target compensation levels for executives in the 50th to 75th percentile range as it believes the use of this range (i) helps ensure our compensation program provides sufficient compensation to attract and retain talented executives and (ii) maintains internal pay equity, without overcompensating our employees. Each executive’s target compensation level for this purpose is based on the sum of his base salary, annual cash bonus and annual equity award but excludes one-time equity/option awards.

The Compensation Committee reviews pay practices at companies of similar size and industry. The current peer group data are used to evaluate the compensation arrangements for our named executive officers and directors. With respect to Korn Ferry’s assessment, the comparable group of companies consisted of the companies listed below as determined to: (i) focus on the same industry or adjacent industry as us, (ii) generally have similar revenues as us, (iii) generally have similar market capitalization as us, (iv) generally have similar operating income as us, and (v) generally have the same number of employees as us. The comparable list of companies included Allego N.V., Beam Global, ChargePoint Holdings, EVgo, Inc., Nuvve Holding Corp., Tritium DCFC Limited, Volta Inc. and Wallbox N.V.

It is expected that Korn Ferry’s assessment using both survey data and peer group analyses will continue to be considered in setting compensation and in renewing the terms of employment agreements with several of our executive officers.

Elements of Compensation

We evaluate individual executive performance with a goal of setting compensation at levels our Board or any applicable committee believes are comparable with executives in other companies of similar size and stage of development while taking into account our relative performance and our own strategic goals. The compensation received by our named executive officers consists of the following elements:

Base Salary

Base salaries for our executives are established based on the scope of their responsibilities and individual experience, taking into account competitive market compensation paid by other companies for similar positions within our industry.

The Compensation Committee considers compensation data from the peer companies to the extent the executive positions at these companies are considered comparable to our positions and informative of the competitive environment. Compensation data for our peer group were collected from available proxy-disclosed data. This information was gathered and analyzed for the 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles (or alternatively using low, medium and high categories) for annual base salary, short-term incentive pay elements and long-term incentive pay elements.

Variable Pay

We design our variable pay programs to be both affordable and competitive in relation to the market. We monitor the market and adjust our variable pay programs as needed. Our variable pay programs, such as our bonus program, are designed to motivate employees to achieve overall goals. Our programs are designed to avoid entitlements, to align actual payouts with the actual results achieved, and to be easy to understand and administer.

Equity-Based Incentives

Salaries and bonuses are intended to compensate our executive officers for short-term performance. We also have adopted an equity incentive program intended to reward longer-term performance and to help align the interests of our named executive officers with those of our stockholders. We believe that long-term performance is achieved through an ownership culture that rewards performance by our named executive officers through the use of equity incentives. Our equity incentive plan has been established to provide our employees, including our named executive officers, with incentives to help align those employees’ interests with the interests of our stockholders.

When making equity-award decisions, the Compensation Committee considers market data, the grant size, the forms of long-term equity compensation available to it under our existing plans and the status of previously granted awards. The amount of equity incentive compensation granted reflects the executives’ expected contributions to our future success. Existing ownership levels are not a factor in award determination, as the Compensation Committee does not want to discourage executives from holding significant amounts of our stock.

Future equity awards that we make to our named executive officers will be driven by our sustained performance over time, our named executive officers’ ability to impact our results that drive stockholder value, their level of responsibility, their potential to fill roles of increasing responsibility, and competitive equity award levels for similar positions in comparable companies. Equity forms a key part of the overall compensation for each executive officer and is evaluated each year as part of the annual performance review process and incentive payout calculation.

The amounts awarded to the named executive officers are based on the Compensation Committee’s subjective determination of what is appropriate to incentivize the executives. Generally, the grants to named executive officers vest 50% upon the date of grant and 50% over a three-year period with 33-1/3% vesting on each anniversary of the date of grant. All equity awards to our employees, including named executive officers, and to directors have been granted and reflected in our financial statements, based upon the applicable accounting guidance, with the exercise price of any stock options equal to the fair market value of one share of common stock on the grant date.

In order to encourage a long-term perspective and to encourage key employees to remain with us, our restricted stock units and stock options typically have annual vesting over a three-year period and the stock options have a term of five years. Generally, vesting ends upon termination of service and exercise rights of vested options cease three months after termination of service. Prior to the vesting of any restricted stock unit or exercise of any option, the holder has no rights as a stockholder with respect to the shares subject to such unit or option, including voting rights and the right to receive dividends or dividend equivalents. Except for option grants to employees in Europe, during the last two years we have generally granted restricted stock units to our employees rather than stock options.

Benefits Programs

We design our benefits programs to be both affordable and competitive in relation to the market while conforming to local laws and practices. We monitor the market and local laws and practices and adjust our benefits programs as needed. We design our benefits programs to provide an element of core benefits and, to the extent possible, offer options for additional benefits, be tax-effective for employees in any foreign country and balance costs and cost-sharing between our employees and us.

Timing of Equity Awards

Only the Compensation Committee may approve restricted stock, restricted stock units or stock option grants to our executive officers. Restricted stock, restricted stock units and stock options are generally granted at meetings of the Compensation Committee or pursuant to a unanimous written consent of the Compensation Committee. The exercise price of a newly granted option is the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.

Executive Equity Ownership

We encourage our executives to hold a significant equity interest in our company. However, we do not have specific share retention and ownership guidelines for our executives.

Consideration of Advisory Votes to Approve the Compensation of our Named Executive Officers

We value the opinions of our stockholders, including as expressed through advisory votes to approve the compensation of our named executive officers (“Say-on-Pay Votes”). In our most recent Say-On-Pay Vote, conducted at our 2022 annual meeting of stockholders, held on July 11, 2022, our stockholders approved the compensation of our named executive officers on an advisory basis, with approximately 70% of the votes cast in favor of the fiscal 2021 compensation of our named executive officers. In setting fiscal 2024 compensation, we will consider the outcome of the Say-on-Pay Vote during our 2024 annual meeting of stockholders and will continue to consider the outcome of future Say-on-Pay Votes, as well as stockholder feedback received throughout the year, when making compensation decisions for our executive officers.

Effect of Accounting and Tax Treatment on Compensation Decisions

In the review and establishment of our compensation programs, we consider the anticipated accounting and tax implications for our executives and us.

Generally, Section 162(m) of the Code disallows public companies a tax deduction for federal income tax purposes of compensation in excess of $1 million paid to their chief executive officer and certain other specified officers in any taxable year. For tax years ending prior to December 31, 2017, compensation in excess of $1 million could only be deducted if it was “performance-based compensation” within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code or qualified for one of the other exemptions from the deduction limit. The exemption from Section 162(m) of the Code’s deduction limit for performance-based compensation has been repealed, effective for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, such that compensation paid to our covered officers (which now also includes our Chief Financial Officer) in excess of $1 million will generally not be deductible unless it qualifies for transition relief applicable to certain arrangements in place as of November 2, 2017. We seek to maintain flexibility in compensating our executives in a manner designed to promote our corporate goals and, therefore, while we are mindful of the benefit of the full deductibility of compensation, our Compensation Committee has not adopted a policy requiring that any or all compensation to be deductible. Our Compensation Committee may authorize compensation payments that are not fully tax deductible if we believe that such payments are appropriate to attract and retain executive talent or meet other business objectives.

Role of Executives in Executive Compensation Decisions

The Board and our Compensation Committee generally seek input from Brendan S. Jones, our President and Chief Executive Officer, when discussing the performance of, and compensation levels for, executives other than himself. The Compensation Committee also works with Michael P. Rama, our Chief Financial Officer, to evaluate the financial, accounting, tax and retention implications of our various compensation programs. Mr. Jones, who is a director, does not participate in deliberations relating to his own compensation.

Compensation Risk Management

We have considered the risk associated with our compensation policies and practices for all employees, and we believe we have designed our compensation policies and practices in a manner that does not create incentives that could lead to excessive risk taking that would have a material adverse effect on us.

We structure our compensation to consist of base salary, variable pay, equity-based pay and benefits. The base portion of compensation is designed to provide a steady income regardless of our stock price performance so that executives do not feel pressured to focus exclusively on stock price performance to the detriment of other important business measures. Our variable pay and equity-based pay programs are designed to reward both short- and long-term corporate performance. For short-term performance, our variable pay programs are designed to motivate employees to achieve overall goals. For long-term performance, our stock option awards generally vest over four years and are only valuable if our stock price increases over time. We believe that these various elements of compensation are a sufficient percentage of overall compensation to motivate executives to produce superior short- and long-term corporate results, while the fixed element is also sufficiently high that the executives are not encouraged to take unnecessary or excessive risks in doing so.

Our bonus program has been structured around the attainment of overall corporate goals for the past several years and we have seen no evidence that it encourages unnecessary or excessive risk taking.

Summary Compensation Table

The following summary compensation table sets forth all compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to our principal executive officers who served as such during part of 2023 (Michael D. Farkas and Brendan S. Jones), our principal financial officer who served as such during all of 2023 (Michael P. Rama) and our three most highly compensated executive officers other than our principal executive officer and principal financial officer who were serving as executive officers at the end of 2023 (Aviv Hillo, Harjinder Bhade and Michael C. Battaglia). We refer to these executive officers as our “named executive officers” or “NEOs.”

Summary Compensation Table

Grant of Plan-Based Awards

The following table sets forth information concerning grants of plan-based awards made by us during the year ended December 31, 2023 to each of the NEOs:

Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

The following table provides information on outstanding equity awards as of December 31, 2023 to the NEOs: