2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. Since the date of the Annual Report, there have been no material changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies, except as disclosed below.

LIQUIDITY AND FINANCIAL CONDITION

As of September 30, 2018, the Company had cash, working capital and an accumulated deficit of $21,304,407, $16,955,916 and $157,599,908, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company had a net loss of $2,135,933 and $1,164,630, respectively.

On February 16, 2018, the Company closed its underwritten public offering of an aggregate 4,353,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 8,706,000 shares of common stock at a combined public offering price of $4.25 per unit comprised of one share and two warrants. The Public Offering resulted in $18,504,320 and $14,880,815 of gross and net proceeds, respectively, including underwriting discounts, commissions and other offering expenses of $3,623,505, which was recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. Furthermore, during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company issued an aggregate of 4,033,660 shares of the Company’s common stock pursuant to the exercise of warrants at an exercise price of $4.25 per share for aggregate gross proceeds of $17,143,056. See Note 8 – Stockholders’ Equity – Public Offering and Warrant Issuances for additional details.

The Company believes its current cash on hand is sufficient to meet its operating and capital requirements for at least twelve months from the issuance date of these financial statements. Thereafter, the Company may need to raise further capital through the sale of additional equity or debt securities or other debt instruments to support its future operations. The Company’s operating needs include the planned costs to operate its business, including amounts required to fund working capital and capital expenditures. The Company’s future capital requirements and the adequacy of its available funds will depend on many factors, including the Company’s ability to successfully commercialize its products and services, competing technological and market developments, and the need to enter into collaborations with other companies or acquire other companies or technologies to enhance or complement its product and service offerings.

There is also no assurance that the amount of funds the Company might raise will enable the Company to complete its development initiatives or attain profitable operations. If the Company is unable to obtain additional financing on a timely basis, it may have to curtail its development, marketing and promotional activities, which would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations, and ultimately, the Company could be forced to discontinue its operations and liquidate.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents in the consolidated financial statements. The Company has cash on deposits in several financial institutions which, at times, may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits. The Company has not experienced losses in such accounts and periodically evaluates the creditworthiness of its financial institutions. The Company reduces its credit risk by placing its cash and cash equivalents with major financial institutions. As of September 30, 2018, the Company had cash balances in excess of FDIC insurance limits of $20,667,432 of which $18,024,063 was held in a money market account at a financial institution at September 30, 2018. No funds were held in money market accounts at December 31, 2017.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASC 606”). The core principle of ASC 606 requires that an entity recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ASC 606 defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, it is possible more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than required under existing accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) including identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation.

The Company adopted ASC 606 for all applicable contracts using the modified retrospective method, which would have required a cumulative-effect adjustment, if any, as of the date of adoption. The adoption of ASC 606 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements as of the date of adoption. As a result, a cumulative-effect adjustment was not required. 

The Company recognizes revenue primarily from five different types of contracts:

The following table summarizes our revenue recognized under ASC 606 in our condensed consolidated statements of operations:

The timing of the Company’s revenue recognition may differ from the timing of payment by its customers. A receivable is recorded when revenue is recognized prior to payment and the Company has an unconditional right to payment. Alternatively, when payment precedes the provision of the related services, the Company records deferred revenue until the performance obligations are satisfied.

As of September 30, 2018, the Company had $307,134 related to contract liabilities where performance obligations have not yet been satisfied, which has been included within deferred revenue on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2018. The Company expects to satisfy its remaining performance obligations for network fees and warranty revenue and recognize the revenue within the next twelve months.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recognized $67,511 and $237,511, respectively, of revenues related to network fees, warranty contracts, and product sales, which was included in deferred revenues as of December 31, 2017.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, there was no revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods. The Company has elected not to disclose information about remaining performance obligations pertaining to contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, as permitted under guidance. 

Grants and rebates, which are not within the scope of ASC 606, pertaining to revenues and periodic expenses are recognized as income when the related revenue and/or periodic expense are recorded. Grants and rebates related to EV charging stations and their installation are deferred and amortized in a manner consistent with the related depreciation expense of the related asset over their useful lives over the useful life of the charging station. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recorded $6,724 and $68,062, respectively, related to grant and rebate revenue. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recorded $14,978 and $93,798, respectively, related to grant and rebate revenue. At September 30, 2018 and December 31,2017, $112,780 and $181,913 of deferred grant and rebate revenue to be amortized.

CONCENTRATIONS

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, one customer accounted for 11% and less than 10% of revenues respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, revenues generated from one customer represented approximately 10% of the Company’s total revenue. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, accounts receivable from this same customer amounted to less 10% of total accounts receivable. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, accounts receivable from another significant customer were approximately 44% and 32%, respectively, of total accounts receivable.

LEASES

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued a new standard related to leases to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet. Most prominent among the changes in the standard is the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases. Under the standard, disclosures are required to meet the objective of enabling users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The Company is also required to recognize and measure new leases at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment in the period of adoption using a modified retrospective approach, with certain practical expedients available.

The Company early adopted Accounting Standard Codification No. (“ASC”) 842 effective July 1, 2018 and elected to apply the available practical expedients and implemented internal controls and key system functionality to enable the preparation of financial information on adoption. The standard had an impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets but did not have an impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations or condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. The most significant impact was the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases, while the Company’s accounting for finance leases remained substantially unchanged. The adoption of ASC 842 did not have a material impact in prior periods of the current year and prior year comparative periods and as a result, a cumulative-effect adjustment was not required.

The Company provides charging services at designated locations on the hosts property at which the charging station is situated. In consideration thereof, the host shares in the monthly revenue generated by the charging station on percentage basis. As the charging station monthly revenue generated is variable, the host’s monthly revenue derived there from is similarly variable. In accordance with ASC 842 the hosts’ portion of revenue is variable and not predicated on an index or rate, as defined, these payments are not within the scope ASC 842. 

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. For employees and non-employees, the fair value of the award is measured on the grant date. The fair value amount is then recognized over the period during which services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. The Company computes the fair value of equity-classified warrants and options granted using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.

NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE

Basic net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding, plus the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the common share equivalents had been issued (computed using the treasury stock or if converted method), if dilutive.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company calculated the potential diluted earnings per share in accordance with ASC 260, as follows:

The following common share equivalents are excluded from the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

RECLASSIFICATIONS

Certain prior year balances have been reclassified in order to conform to current year presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on previously reported results of operations or loss per share.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In June 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-07, “Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718),” (“ASU 2018-07”). ASU 2018-07 is intended to reduce cost and complexity and to improve financial reporting for nonemployee share-based payments. Currently, the accounting requirements for nonemployee and employee share-based payment transactions are significantly different. ASU 2018-07 expands the scope of Topic 718, Compensation — Stock Compensation (which currently only includes share-based payments to employees) to include share-based payments issued to nonemployees for goods or services. Consequently, the accounting for share-based payments to nonemployees and employees will be substantially aligned. This ASU supersedes Subtopic 505-50, Equity — Equity-Based Payments to Nonemployees. The amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within that fiscal year. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than a company’s adoption date of Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company early adopted ASU 2018-07 effective April 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2018-07 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

In July 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-10, “Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases,” (“ASU 2018-10”). The amendments in ASU 2018-10 are to address stakeholders’ questions about how to apply certain aspects of the new guidance in ASC 842. The clarifications address the rate implicit in the lease, impairment of the net investment in the lease, lessee reassessment of lease classification, lessor reassessment of lease term and purchase options, variable payments that depend on an index or rate and certain transition adjustments. The amendments in ASC Topic 842 are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company early adopted ASU 2018-10, along with ASC 842, effective July 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2018-10 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. 

In July 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-11, “Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements,” (“ASU 2018-11”). The amendments in ASU 2018-11 related to transition relief on comparative reporting at adoption affect all entities with lease contracts that choose the additional transition method and separating components of a contract affect only lessors whose lease contracts qualify for the practical expedient. The amendments in ASC Topic 842 are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company early adopted ASU 2018-11, along with ASC 842, effective July 1, 2018. The adoption of ASU 2018-11 did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). The amendments in ASU 2018-13 modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements based on the concepts in the Concepts Statement, including the consideration of costs and benefits. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2018-13 and its impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.